Challenges of Mid-level Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Difficulties of Mid-level Management - Essay Example All choices made by overseers must be weighed cautiously. This is to give an enduring positive effect on the organization’s income, its staff, and patients. This is an intense obligation, however one that must be conveyed to culmination, as a general rule (Wheatley, 2006). One of the center issues that influence social insurance overseers is the irreconcilable situation. Here, managers are brought or burdened by the way that; their relationship with budgetary establishments may drive them to settle on choices that don't take into account their patients’ wants and needs (Ransom, Maulik and Nash, 2005). This is frequently observed with the protection approaches that spread patients once they are in for serious cases that warrant clinical consideration. It is additionally a typical event to see doctors and expert specialists getting into agreements with these budgetary foundations, which constrain them into getting capital for their establishment through patients (Wheatley , 2006). This is in some cases seen through ceaseless tests and methods that are superfluous, and demonstrate expensive to the people in question. It is up to the medicinal services chairmen to control and caution doctors from going into settlements with these money related establishments. This is with an ascent in the moral problems the organization is being gotten through and the test that faces mid-level administration in the social insurance field, in the 21st century. Another alarming errand that surfaces is the need to give suitable clinical consideration, over the expense of the executives.

Maori Culture essays

Maori Culture articles In ongoing decades, Maori individuals have progressed significantly toward recovering the status and land that used to be theirs when they initially settled New Zealand, a few centuries before the deluge of Europeans. Today, the Maori individuals contain around 15 percent of the number of inhabitants in Aotearoa, and the country is in numerous regards bi-social. In the conventional Maori social structure, obviously characterized jobs for guys and females exist and male-commanded structure is underscored. Status was constantly granted to a man and attributes of masculinity were remunerated. The division of work was likewise gendered. Men did the angling and chasing while ladies were liable for the food handling and cooking (Salmond, 2004). Notwithstanding, todays Maori ladies start to accept dynamic jobs in Aotearoa. Mana Wahine, deciphered as intensity of ladies, is about the intensity of Maori ladies to oppose challenge change or change spaces inside arrangement of control (Class no tes, 2004). The status of ladies, Mana Wahine, is urgent to otherworldly, physical, passionate and social prosperity for whanau, hapu, iwi and for Maori society in any specific circumstance. These days Mana Wahine assumes a critical job being developed of New Zealands ladies. In this article, I will examine the enormous contrasts between Maori ladies and Pakeha ladies (non-Maori ladies) in various divisions, for example, instruction, decolonization/indigenization, effect of Treaty of Waitangi and business. Those distinctions are progressively standing out of New Zealands society and sexual orientation issues are paid attention to ,for improvement of Maori ladies is significant for the entire advancement of New Zealand. Whats more, the act of advancement considers these distinctions. Viable improvement system bolsters Maori financial and social advancement including advancement of Maori ladies. Moreover, Maori ladies need to improve their ability constantly for themselves as well as for Maori restoration an... <!

10 Important Study Habits for Students

10 Important Study Habits for Students This worksheet includes 10 self-regulation study habits for students, focused on helping them create and manage effective and productive study spaces and routines. In addition to the hints and tips, the worksheet includes a number of questions oriented around self-assessment, awareness and reflection. This resource is provided courtesy of Free Spirit Publishing, the leading publisher of positive, practical and pro-kid classroom materials for social-emotional learning, character education, gifted and talented learners, and special education. To succeed in school, students need more than subject area knowledgeâ€"they must learn  how  to learn. Self-regulation, an executive functioning skill, describes the ways that students focus attention on achieving success. Self-regulated learners find personal value in learning, develop effective study habits, welcome challenges, seek help, and use failure as a learning tool. This user-friendly guide makes the process of developing self-regulation as easy as  ABC:  Affect (how you feel),  Behavior (what you do), and  Cognition (how you think). Teaching students to balance these three elements builds motivation, resilience, and college and career readiness. Digital content includes customizable forms from the book. A free PLC/Book Study Guide is available for download.

What Is the IUPAC and What Does It Do

The IUPAC is the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. It is an international scientific organization, not affiliated with any government. The IUPAC strives to advance chemistry, in part by setting global standards for names, symbols, and units. Nearly 1200 chemists are involved in IUPAC projects. Eight standing committees oversee the Unions work in chemistry. The Role of IUPAC The IUPAC was formed in 1919 by scientists and academicians who recognized a need for standardization in chemistry. The predecessor of the IUPAC, the International Association of Chemical Societies (IACS), met in Paris in 1911 to propose issues that needed to be addressed. From the beginning, the organization has sought international cooperation between chemists. In addition to setting guidelines, the IUPAC sometimes helps to resolve disputes. An example is the decision to use the name sulfur instead of both sulfur and sulphur.

Essay on Legalizing Physician-Assisted Suicide - 1871 Words

Physician-assisted suicide should be a legal option, if requested, for terminally ill patients. For decades the question has been asked and a clear answer has yet to surface. It was formed out of a profound commitment to the idea that personal end-of-life decisions should be made solely between a patient and a physician. Can someones life be put into an answer? Shouldnt someones decision in life be just that; their decision? When someone has suffered from a car accident, or battled long enough from cancer, shouldnt the option be available? Assisted suicide shouldnt be seen as cheating death, but as a way to pay homage to the life once lived. As far as including the mentally challenged in this equation, I am against it. The mentally†¦show more content†¦Even so approximately 200,000 to 250,000 mentally ill patients died unwilling. In most cases families were not contacted and received false notice from a letter sent through the mail. Before this worldwide ordeal, the Romans and Ancient Greeks supported voluntary euthanasia since the 1800s. America government was no big fan of the assisted suicide. It wasnt until the early 1900s that a public survey was released showing that more than half of the Americas were in favor of assisted suicide. This survey exploded great debates in courts, institutions, medical journals, etc. Jack Kevorkian was known widely throughout America for his many assisted suicides. Numerous times Kevorkian was tried for his participation, but the public support helped him escape (prolong) his chances in jail. It wasnt until 1999 that Kevorkian was convicted to a 10-25 sentence in jail for first degree murder of Thomas Youk. Thomas Youk suffered a severe disability and like many of Kevorkians patient he wanted to die. With the support from Youks family, Kevorkian followed through with his word, injecting a death substance. This ordeal was recorded and later broadcasted on CBS 20/20. Some would argue that it was modern propaganda. I would agree with this. The death caught on camera showed a pain-free way to die, almost becoming desirable to those who watched (since nobody wants a painful death). KevorkianShow MoreRelatedLegalizing Physician Assisted Suicide1140 Words   |  5 PagesIn current society, legalizing physician assisted suicide is a prevalent argument. In 1997, the Supreme Court recognized no federal constitutional right to physician assisted suicide (Harned 1) , which defines suicide as one receiving help from a physician by means of a lethal dosage (Pearson 1), leaving it up to state legislatures to legalize such practice if desired. Only Oregon and Washington have since legalized physician assisted suicide. People seeking assisted suicide often experience slantedRead MoreThe Issue Of Legalizing Physician Assisted Suicide2123 Words   |  9 Pageslives. Legalizing physician-assisted suicide can give the dying individual comfort in knowing that they have options. Physicians presently are allowed to relieve the dying of their pain and suffering by administering lethal doses of pain medications. Terminally ill patients should be able to access lethal doses of medicine voluntarily through their physician to allow them the choice of death. Strong morals and ethics surrounding this issue have split society on whether or not physician-assisted suicideRead MoreEssay about Legalizing Physician Assisted Suicide1074 Words   |  5 PagesFor hundreds of years we have developed a system where human beings establish and revise rules and regulations that help protect individual lives in our society. However this protection ends when it is time to die. Legalizing physician assisted suicide is â€Å"It’s my life!† an expression that is commonly used at one point in most everyone’s life. Is it my life? Do I get to make all the choices that involve my life? More importantly, who is in charge of my body? Ultimately human beings believeRead MoreThe Controversial Issue Of Legalizing Physician Assisted Suicide1962 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction The topic of legalizing Physician-assisted suicide (PAS) has long been a controversial issue in Canada and has recently received increased attention. In 1993, the Supreme Court of Canada ruled the provisions of the Criminal Code prohibiting assisted suicide. Two decades later, the Supreme Court of Canada began to deliberate whether to uphold or strike down the law prohibiting doctor-assisted suicide. On October 15th (What is the year), the nine justices of the Supreme Court heard impassionedRead MoreEuthanasia Essay - Legalizing Physician Assisted Suicide2312 Words   |  10 PagesLegalizing Physician-Assisted Suicide in Australia First, it is essential to define euthanasia in order to resolve any misconceptions. Euthanasia is the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable and painful disease or in an irreversible coma (Oxford dictionaries, 2014). It can be either passive or active however this essay will focus specifically on active euthanasia. Euthanasia is currently illegal in Australia, although it was briefly legal in the northern territory. This essayRead MoreLegalizing Physician Assisted Suicide Across The United States Essay2115 Words   |  9 PagesLegalizing Physician-Assisted Suicide Across the United States Physician Assisted Suicide (PAS) has grown into quite a contentious topic over the years. According to Breitbart and Rosenfeld (1), physician-assisted suicide can be defined as â€Å"a physician providing medications or advice to enable the patient to end his or her own life.† One may find many articles that are written by physicians, pharmacists, patients, and family of patients who receive PAS; from there, it is possible to gain a betterRead MoreLegalizing Physician Assisted Suicide And Active Euthanasia843 Words   |  4 PagesFatal Differences The civil argument in the U.S. over whether or not to authorize physician-assisted suicide and active euthanasia has reached new levels of vehemence. Oregon, California, Vermont, and Washington (and Montana, via court ruling) have become the first states to legalize physician-assisted suicide. There has, too, been campaigning, ballot measures, bills, and litigation in other states in attempts to legalize one or both practices. Supporters increasingly urge either absolute legalizationRead MoreShould Physician Assisted Suicide Be Legal?810 Words   |  4 PagesThe Right to Die Having the right to life, also gives one the right to death. Outrageously, physician assisted suicide is illegal in all but five states in the U.S; including California, Montana, Oregon, Washington, and Vermont; this law, violating rules of ethics, also defies morals. Some actions in the past, including women not having voting rights, and experimentation on prisoners and the mentally ill, also infringed upon ethics and morale. Women not being permitted to vote before theRead MoreSince The Fifteen Century, Society Has Viewed Suicide Or1178 Words   |  5 PagesSince the fifteen century, society has viewed suicide or intentional death as immoral. It was not until the twentieth century that these â€Å"immoral† attitudes were challenged. As of 2016, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and Colombia have unambiguously legalized direct assisted dying. Other areas, having to undergo a process of either a judicial or legislative decision, include Canada, Japan, and German y. Currently in the United States, following the same process of a judicial or legislative processesRead MoreEssay On Physician Assisted Suicide1549 Words   |  7 PagesWriting Project Worksheet 1. This paper will examine the Washington state policy of physician-assisted suicide. 2. State Info: (characteristics, size, culture, political culture, industries, features, etc. to explain state support of policy) Washington is a state in the northwestern United States with an estimated population of 7,288,000, as of July 1, 2016. Washington’s population is primarily white at 69% (not including Hispanics), with Hispanics comprising 12.4%, Asians 8.6%, and African Americans

Miss 21st Century and Young People Free Essays

Fashion is becoming more and more important to young people. However, some argue that this has negative impact on young people and on society. Do you agree or disagree? In the 21st century, It is difficult to ignore the immense popularity of fashion, which could be found anywhere and everywhere, on the street, television, internet and magazines. We will write a custom essay sample on Miss: 21st Century and Young People or any similar topic only for you Order Now Its influence have extended to younger consumers. However, some argue that this trend has an adverse effect on youngsters and even the whole society. Personally, I agree with this view to some extent. Having appealing appearance help youngsters to express their individuality and build their confidence. Firstly, fashion is a form of art, which changes constantly and requires creativity. It inspires these young people to express their personality and taste in a unique way. Without fashion, they miss a sound opportunity of expressing themselves. Secondly, by wearing trendy clothing the way they like, youngsters may feel comfortable and pleasure; meanwhile, they are more likely to become attractive. As a result, their confidence level could be boosted. This trend also benefits the whole society, namely, creating more job opportunities. Youngsters love for fashion, which is an integral part of their lives, produces numerous new job opportunities, related to fashion industry. For instance, a fashion magazine , called Seventeen, is published for young girls who love to keep up with the latest trend. This is helpful to relieve employment pressure, which is extremely severe in the economic recession. Despite of this, it is undeniable that this trend may distract teenagers from study and generates the social problem of fashion bullying. Firstly, if teenagers involves themselves too much with fashion, they may find it difficult to concentrate on study because there is insufficient time for study. This is especially true for those student who are not good at time management. Secondly, youngsters may judge their friends based on their clothing, jewelry and hair style. Those students who look unfashionable may  be isolated or even bullied. This damages their psychological development. In conclusion, it is advantageous for youngsters to follow fashion; however, the disadvantages should not be ignored. The school and parents should guide young adult to view fashion in a appropriate way. How to cite Miss: 21st Century and Young People, Papers

The Tet Offensive, Which Occurred On January 31, 1968, Proved To Be A

The Tet Offensive, which occurred on January 31, 1968, proved to be a political and a psychological victory for the Vietnamese communists. And, although it only lasted for about one month, it was one of America's most notable battles that taught the Americans and the Vietnamese valuable lessons about life and war. The background of the Tet-Offensive is very interesting, one hidden within the conflict of the Vietnam War. While the offensive was being planned, there were anti-war demonstrations taking place in the U.S. against the Vietnam War. Lyndon B. Johnson, in a close election, won the primary over McCarthy who happened to be against the war, and then went on to running the country with few problems. In Vietnam, General Vo Nguyen Giap of North Vietnam told his political members that the opportunity for a general offensive or uprising was within reach. The offensive began in August of 1967, when following Hanoi's decision to proceed with Giap's"uprising," Giap began a massive buildup of troops, equipment, and supplies in South Vietnam. First, thousands of guns and munitions were bought southward along the Ho Chi Minh Trail. The Ho Chi Minh Trail was the vital Vietcong (also known as the South Vietnamese) supply line that twisted through the jungles of North Vietnam in a southward direction ("Vietnam"). This trail also served as a transportation route for food and medical supplies being brought to the south part of Vietnam. Tens of thousands of troops poured down from the North, infiltrated the countryside, and wearing civilian clothes, easily blended with the local people. By mid-January, 1968, about 84,000 of the North Vietnamese Army (NVA), and the Vietcong troops were in South Vietnam ("Massacre"). And, two weeks before the actual attack would even take place, Giap's troops were positioned and ready for an attack (Coteau 2). The U.S. began to have suspicions about some sort of uprising taking place. So the offensive did, in fact, not take Americans by surprise. American intelligence sources had started uncovering evidence that indicated a shift in enemy strategy in the late summer/early fall of 1967. The 101st Airborne Division, on November 19, seized an attack order telling that the offensive was near, and some slightly detailed plans of what was going to happen and how it was going to happen ("Vietnam"). The U.S. intelligence officers took this evidence as propaganda and disregarded it completely. The found attack order was then published on January 5th, but still attracted very little attention. As 1968 approached, the U.S. appeared to be winning the war, but in Washington, on December 18th, General Earle G. Wheeler, joint Chief of Staff, cautioned that "it is entirely possible that there may be a Communist thrust similar to the desperate effort of the Germans in the Battle of the Bulge in World War II" (Young 27-28). The U.S.'s suspicions about a possible uprising became stronger as the Tet-Offensive grew closer. In Saigon, on December 20th, General William C. Westmoreland of the U.S. Army cabled Washington that he expected the North Vietnamese Army and the Vietcong to "undertake an intensified countrywide effort, perhaps a maximum effort over a relatively short period" (73-74). On the same day, December 20th, the President warned the world that "we face dark days ahead" (Mueller 3). These events began to foreshadow the Vietnamese's coming psychological victory. In January of 1968, American forces captured a pair of NVA operation orders calling for an attack on Pleiku before the Tet, and targeting Ban Me Thuot for assault. Two days prior to the Tet, agents of the South Vietnamese Military Service arrested eleven Vietcong leaders that were caught holding a secret meeting ("More"). The eleven had two tapes that had messages about the liberation of Saigon, Hue, and other cities. Too many warnings of the offensive were ignored. One U.S. intelligence official stated "If we'd gotten the whole battle plan, it wouldn't have been believed. It wouldn't have been credible to us" (Omicinski 18-19). Intelligence analysts refused to believe that the Vietcong and the NVA were capable of executing such a large scale, coordinated attack, but they were not sure if the Vietcong and NVA were, or if they were not. The U.S.'s suspicions on the upcoming offensive were starting to be confirmed. By mid-January, Westmoreland was almost sure that the offensive would be starting just before or just after the Tet. The U.S. and its officials had strongly doubted that the Vietcong and the NVA would strike during the holiday. The Tet is a very important and religious holiday in

Chemistry Personal Statement Essays

Chemistry Personal Statement Essays Chemistry Personal Statement Essay Chemistry Personal Statement Essay Students who are studying their Masters course would already know the significance of writing an appealing Chemistry personal statement. They have had their share of experience of writing these difficult statements just like any other undergraduate. A personal statement or a statement of purpose helps the applicant in distinguishing his application from dozens of other candidates who have applied for the same course. It provides a huge opportunity to the candidate to leave aside his academic test scores and impress the board with his/her unique skills, qualities and personality. Even a student with high test scores or GPA cannot certainly feel confident in getting the seat in the university. Therefore, the only way one can ensure a seat in the university is by setting himself apart by submitting an appealing and attractive chemistry personal statement. Dozens of applications get rejected each year because of poorly written content and poorly defined thoughts. Students will only be able to impress the board of the university if they consider it carefully what sorts of ideas should be included in the statement and how to express those ideas in an appealing manner. This may probably seem quite intimidating at first but once you sit down and pen down those ideas in a proper order you will see that how easy it is to write a good statement. It is also recommended that every applicant should make an outline so that he can gather and express his thoughts in an effective manner. First outline the introduction of the statement and consider including those important elements in it that can catch the attention of the board. For example, you can start with your childhood dream to become a chemical engineer. While outlining the elements that are to be included in the body section of the statement, consider those points that needs a complete description. For instance, you can link the academic qualification with your interest in the chemistry field and how that qualification can help you become a great chemical engineer. You can also include any experiences that you have gained in this field after completing the undergraduate course. Remember that four important elements that a great personal statement includes such as the applicant’s motivation for seeking chemistry degree, his aspiration, work experience and qualities that relates to that field. While writing a personal statement keep one thing in mind that you need to put forth evidence of your skills and qualities that you claim to possess. You can use that outline to create the first draft. Do not edit the draft while writing because editing and revision can be done later. Do not worry about anything and just let your creativity do the work. Once the statement is completely written, revise it and see if it meets with the given word count requirement.

How to Make Your Own Invisible Ink

How to Make Your Own Invisible Ink Making invisible ink to write and reveal secret messages is a great science project to try, even if you think you dont have the right chemicals. Why? Because just about any chemical can be used as invisible ink if you know how to use it. What Is Invisible Ink? Invisible ink is any substance that you can use to write a message that is invisible until the ink is revealed. You write your message with the ink using a cotton swab, dampened finger, fountain pen, or toothpick. Let the message dry. You might also want to write a normal message on the paper so that it doesnt appear to be blank and meaningless. If you write a cover message, use a ballpoint pen, pencil, or crayon, since fountain pen ink could run into your invisible ink. Avoid using lined paper to write your invisible message for the same reason. How you reveal the message depends on the ink you use. Most invisible inks are made visible by heating the paper. Ironing the paper and holding it over a 100-watt bulb are easy ways to reveal these types of messages. Some messages are developed by spraying or wiping the paper with a second chemical. Other messages are revealed by shining an ultraviolet light  on the paper. Ways to Make Invisible Ink Anyone can write an invisible message, assuming you have paper, because body fluids can be used as invisible ink. If you dont feel like collecting urine, here are some alternatives: Heat-Activated Invisible InksYou can reveal the message by ironing the paper, setting it on a radiator, placing it in an oven (set lower than 450 F), or holding it up to a hot light bulb. To write the message you can use: Any acidic fruit juice (e.g., lemon, apple, or orange juice)Onion juiceBaking soda (sodium bicarbonate)VinegarWhite wineDiluted colaDiluted honeyMilkSoapy waterSucrose (table sugar) solutionUrine Inks Developed by Chemical ReactionsThese inks are sneakier  because you have to know how to reveal them. Most of them work using pH indicators, so when in doubt, paint or spray a suspected message with a base (such as sodium carbonate solution) or an acid (such as lemon juice). Some of these inks will reveal their message when heated (e.g., vinegar). Examples of such inks include: Phenolphthalein (pH indicator), developed by ammonia fumes or sodium carbonate (or another base)Thymolphthalein, developed by ammonia fumes or sodium carbonate (or another base)Vinegar or diluted acetic acid, developed by red cabbage waterAmmonia, developed by red cabbage waterSodium bicarbonate (baking soda), developed by grape juiceSodium chloride (table salt), developed by silver nitrateCopper sulfate, developed by sodium iodide, sodium carbonate, potassium ferricyanide, or ammonium hydroxideLead(II) nitrate, developed by sodium iodideIron sulfate, developed by sodium carbonate, sodium sulfide, or potassium ferricyanideCobalt chloride, developed by potassium ferricyanideStarch (e.g., corn starch or potato starch), developed by iodine solutionLemon juice, developed by iodine solution Inks Developed by Ultraviolet Light (Black Light)Most inks that become visible when you shine a black light on them also would become visible if you heated the paper. Glow-in-the-dark stuff is still cool. Here are some chemicals to try: Dilute laundry detergent (the bluing agent glows)Body fluidsTonic water (quinine glows)Vitamin B-12 dissolved in vinegar Any chemical that weakens the structure of paper can be used as an invisible ink, so you might find it fun to discover other inks around your home or lab.

Network Security Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Network Security - Research Paper Example In this regard, network security comprises the measures a company can take to protect its computer network, and it is a prime concern for every company that uses computers. On the other hand, if a company does not implement appropriate network security then an attacker or opponent can get access and utilize the important or secret data and information, probably causing data destruction or damage, or even the entire destruction of the computer network. In addition, the revolution of internet has modernized our lives. However these technologies as well have introduced some of the severe safety as well as confidentiality problems. These issues can be tremendously devastating for private information. In this scenario network management systems and procedures are used for the effective management of various aspects regarding network security (Kaminsky and Foster; Armoni; Kaminsky and Foster; Bhattacharya and Ghosh). This paper will present a detailed overview of network security, network security policy, importance of network security policy, its implementation and design considerations for network security. At the moment, network security is a hot topic for the organizations as well as individuals. This research is aimed to highlight technology involved in network security, future trends of network security, companies adopting this issue, regulatory issues in network security and global implications. Network Security Policy The security policy is essentially an arrangement, describing in detail the organization’s decisive resources as well as how well they are organized. Additionally, the basic purpose of building a security policy is to offer the employees with a concise summary of the "satisfactory utilization" of some of the business information and resources. In addition, the intention behind this policy is to proficiently describe the allowable rights of users and consequently employing them in protecting the business sensitive and critical information systems. The security plan behaves like a "must interpret" basis of company information for everybody exploiting in some approach, computer and network resources considered as possible targets. However, a high-quality and superbly established security policy ought to tackle a number of these subsequent fundamentals: (Danchev; Kim, Lee and Han; Bakry) How susceptible business data must be managed How passwords and other credentials have to be upheld effectively How to react to a possible safety event, interruption efforts, etc. How to utilize computers as well as internet technology in a safe way How to suitably exploit the business communication infrastructure On the whole, the prime causes following the formation of a safety policy is to set a business’s sensitive data and information security basics. Another aspect is to clarify to employees how they are liable for the security of business resources and assets, and emphasize the significance of taking benefit from protected business communications when the business activities are being conducted through web based technology (Danchev; Kim, Lee and Han; Bakry). The Need of Network Security Policy Since forming a high-quality security policy offers the basics for the flourishing application of security allied activities in the upcoming period. In this scenario, the initial movement in improving a business’s security is the performance of a specific however

American Constitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

American Constitution - Essay Example d government of the United Sates operated, until the founding fathers called for the Federal Convention, during which the initial work that had produced the 13 Articles of Confederation, which were incorporated into the Constitution, representing the Declaration of Independence. There is no other country that, since its birth, has been guided by the same document that was created at the time of the country’s birth. Fourth, we know that the Constitution is vague enough in its guarantees as to be flexible and applicable with changing times, to the present modernity often referred to as the New Age. Thus, the United States Constitution is a living document; a finely crafted living document. It is not the product of happenstance or chaos, but is the product of collaborative philosophies that guided the American forefathers in framing the document so that it would continue to live, and would survive the test of time. It was only after five years of debate and discussion that, in 1781, the Articles of Confederation were ratified (Jenson, M., 1950, p. 3). These 13 Articles serve as the Preamble of the American Constitution. What this period of time shows, is that the debate about the ensuing Constitution were serious and time consuming debate. The original 13 Articles of Confederation, while they were enough to prevent the country from sliding into chaos; were not sufficient in content or wide enough in breadth that they covered ever facet of government with which the founding fathers knew that the new government, and subsequent governments, would need to govern with. So, when we consider the element of time, it is indicative, by the amount of time that it was before the 13 Articles of Confederation were ratified that is the first indication that the American Constitution is a finely crafted document. The second indication that the American Constitution was well thought out, is that for the eight year period following the ratification of the Articles of

I am Buddhist :: essays research papers

I am Buddhist An often forgotten essential in our short existence we call â€Å"life† is our need for at least a quintessential connection of spirituality for our own subsistence. And as this world we live in, develops into supposed â€Å"development’’ and as evolution directs our way of life into a tedious search of happiness derived from money†¦ and a person in a modern society barely has a moment for a prayer and â€Å"time’’ being as impatient as it is, the youth have no seconds to just sit and contemplate the power of a higher being, that a GOD might be the one that governs our destiny and fate†¦ and to have a flicker of an instant where one experiences a religious outlook on life†¦the air we breathe turns a little fresher and a load gets lifted off shoulders of stressed mentalities†¦ and call it a â€Å"pre-mature revelation’’ or a pious unveiling of my character but I have encountered such an emotion when I visited a ha ven called Bodh Gaya. Situated in the most corrupts of states in India, Bihar†¦it is an oasis of belief and hope and maybe the only answer and truth to some. It’s an uncanny placement for enlightenment, one might suggest†¦ but as a Buddhist, imagining all the struggle and suffering that the Buddha had overcome and all the adversities he had surpassed and of course the harsh truth he reveals to us and conveys with such meaning in his simple diction is at most overwhelming. At first sight the Mahabodhi temple standing tall among such meagre neighbours, humbled me at once†¦ petrifying in some ways and yet it seemed to comfort me all at once. As for the papal tree where Buddha had gained salvation is surrounded with such spirituality that it seemed to bog down upon my shoulders and yet at the same time it uplifted my spirits in the most unexplainable way. The hustling and bustling noises of Indians selling odd trinkets and beggars among the streets are drowned by the Tantric chants of monks praying in union. A pilgrimage that changed the way I thought about the youth†¦ and I was young too, therefore it basically changed the way I thought. As words are my limits†¦ so is word my only limits through which I cannot describe and do justice to the communion that one has to go there and experience for oneself. ‘’Nothing is as constant as change’’ and the journey through life does not end until death.

The Secret of Ella and Micha Chapter 14

Micha We end up racing home. I let her win, even though I'd love to have the favor, which would include lots of dirty things that she's not ready for. So now I owe her a favor and she tells me she has to think about it, with this little tease in her voice that makes me grin. We part ways at our houses and she leaves me with the promise she'll try to come over later tonight. She's slowly changing back into the girl I know, although that night still haunts her eyes, but I'm not sure she'll ever really get over it completely. It's still raining and lightning like hell, which means the party's going to have to take place inside. Ethan and I drag the wet keggers inside and stand them on the kitchen table. There's a note tacked on the wall from my mom, telling me she's going to be home late. Ethan starts rummaging through the cupboards for some food. â€Å"What band's playing?† â€Å"Naomi's.† I head to my room to change and get my guitar. â€Å"Answer the door if anyone knocks.† In my room, I tug on a grey t-shirt and pull a black pin-striped shirt over it. I slip on a pair of black jeans and put on a studded belt. Then I grab my guitar and text Naomi. Me: When u planning on heading over?† Naomi: Soon. Why? You waiting on us to tell us some super exciting news. Me: I haven't decided yet. Naomi: Don't turn it down. It's a great opportunity. Me: I'm not sayin yes or no. See u in a bit. When Naomi took me backstage at the coffeehouse, she first proposed the idea that I should replace their guitarist and hit the road with them. At first, I was all for it. It's what I've wanted to do since I was twelve and rocked out with Ethan and Dean in the garage. But then I thought back to Ella's sad eyes and doubts washed over me. The doorbell rings and I head to the living room to get the party started and clear my head for one night. Ella By the time I decide to go over to Micha's, things are already getting out of hand. Cars are parked on the lawn, and garbage cans are tipped over. Someone's even sitting on the roof. Lila talks me into going and we run up the driveway with our arms over our heads to shield our hair from the rain, but the crowded foyer overwhelms me and I start to back out. â€Å"Stop being a baby and go in there,† she says, giving me a gentle shove forward. â€Å"I want to see the tough girl everyone keeps talking about.† â€Å"No, you don't. Trust me,† I tell her. â€Å"She was mean and she would have never been friends with you.† â€Å"Okay, then show me a happy medium.† She has a dark blue, strapless dress on that matches her shoes and her blonde hair rests on her shoulders in curls, which have slipped loose because of the rain. â€Å"You can change yourself without losing your identity completely.† I turn away from the crowd toward her. â€Å"Why have we never talked like this before?† She smiles sadly. â€Å"Because you would never let us.† She says something else, but the music stifles her words. I fan the smoke from my face and step into the kitchen. Holding the bottom of my black skirt, I maneuver through the crowd toward the table. I lose Lila for a moment, but when the crowd thins, Lila stumbles out, stomping on a guy's foot with her high heel. She curses, fussing with her hair. â€Å"Has Micha ever heard of a little thing called air conditioning?† â€Å"He probably forgot to turn it on!† I shout over the music. â€Å"Wait here. I'll go turn it up.† I squeeze through the crowd toward the living room and the band. The music is deafening and I realize it's Micha playing with Naomi. They're sharing the microphone and he looks like he's enjoying himself. I stop in the middle of the room and watch him from the crowd. He's gorgeous under the light with his hair hanging in his eyes as he spills out his lyrics to people and strums on the guitar. I back through the room and into the hall. There's a couple making out in front of the thermostat. The music quiets down and then starts up again as I gently guide them over and they move out of my way without breaking their lips from each other. Fanning my face, I turn up the cold air. Suddenly, long arms encircle my waist and the scent of him fills my chest. â€Å"I thought you were playing,† I yell over the music with my hand pressed to my heart. â€Å"I was, but I took a break to see you.† His breath smells like beer. I scrunch up my nose. â€Å"Are you drunk?† â€Å"I've only had one beer,† he says. â€Å"I'm just excited to see you.† â€Å"And to be playing again,† I state. His smile is huge and it makes me happy for a moment. â€Å"Yeah, that too. I saw you watching me.† I shrug, playing it off. â€Å"I'm glad you're happy. You looked sad earlier at the drive-in.† His hand finds my hip and he grips it tightly, sending heat through my body. â€Å"I'm even happier now that you're here.† I relax against the wall. â€Å"You know I've heard you use that pickup line on girls before, right?† â€Å"Come on, let me have some fun with you,† he begs with a tease in his voice. â€Å"Pretend like you don't know any of my moves.† â€Å"You want me to pretend like I'm someone else?† I question. â€Å"Haven't you been telling me to do the opposite?† The reflection of the light dances in his eyes as he leans forward and wisps of his hair brush my cheek. â€Å"Just be the girl I used to know. The one that had fun and laughed all the time.† â€Å"That girl would have never pretended with you, even if you requested her to.† â€Å"I know that.† His other hand finds my waist and his body slants toward me. Glancing from left to right, I slide my hands up his firm chest and link them around his neck. Then I pull myself onto him and hitch my legs around his waist. His expression is stoic, but he lets out a growl and his lips come down hard on mine. Our chests press together as he thrusts his body into me. Our tongues connect, feeling each other thoroughly. My back is pressed into the thermostat and my skirt barely covers the top of my thighs. My head falls back against the wall as he trails kisses down my neck. My breathing is rapid and so is my pulse. What is he doing to me? The music stops and Naomi's voice rises over the speakers. â€Å"Micha Scott, get your ass back up here and play right now.† Micha pulls away, breathless. â€Å"I have one more song to play and then you and I are going to pick right back up with this.† Before I can answer, he leaves me in the hall. Touching my lips, I watch him weave back to the stage, knowing if he does pick it up, I'm not going to be able to stop it this time. Struggling with the loss of control over my own body, I wander back into the kitchen. Lila's over by the cooler, sipping on a drink and talking to Ethan. Straightening my shoulders, I march up to the counter and pour myself a drink. Lila and Ethan's eyes are on me as I knock it back. The alcohol burns my throat as I slam the cup down on the counter. â€Å"Who's up for a game of quarters?† *** Two hours and three shots later, I'm feeling pretty good. The band has finished playing and Micha has joined our game at the table. â€Å"Sail† by AWOLNATION beats through the stereo, soft lyrics and a sultry rhythm and it takes me back to another time. â€Å"I think I'm going to go dance,† I announce to the table. â€Å"Ah ha, I knew you secretly liked to dance.† Lila slams her hand down on the table and then hiccups. â€Å"Oh, excuse me.† Ethan laughs at her like she's the cutest thing in the world. â€Å"Are you reaching your limit little girl?† Lila narrows her eyes impishly at Ethan. â€Å"I'm not the one who missed the last three shots.† He replies with a comeback, but I don't hear it as I rise from my chair anxious to dance. Micha watches me inquisitively as I make a path through the crowd. Faceless people bead with sweat and the air smells like salt and is lit with desirable heat. The farther I descend into the crowd the hotter it gets. By the time I'm in the center, my skin is damp with sweat and the thin fabric of my strapless shirt is sticking to my back. There's a darkness inside my chest, like the devil hidden inside me is about to make a grand appearance. I raise my hands and sway my hips, letting my hair fall down my shoulders and back. I breathe freely, just like I use to. The more the music plays, the more relaxed I become. My head falls from side to side and my eyelids drift shut. I feel someone move up behind me and they smell of desire mingled with an earthy scent and something mouthwatering. Micha places his hands on my hips, his hands domineering. He nearly melts me as he spreads his fingers around my waist and presses his body against mine, wanting as much of me as he can get. â€Å"I thought you didn't dance anymore,† he whispers in a feral voice, his warm breath touching every part of me. I lean back into him, comfortable, and breathe in his familiar scent. â€Å"I guess I'm a liar.† â€Å"You didn't use to be.† He sweeps my hair to the side and implores our bodies closer as he moves with me. Through the fabric of our clothes, I feel the heat radiating off him like the sun. â€Å"In fact, you used to be the most honest person I knew.† I slant my head back against his chest. â€Å"I know, and I'm working on getting it back.† â€Å"Good, I'm glad.† His hands slide down my hips and don't stop until they reach the hem of my skirt. â€Å"Weren't you and I supposed to finish what we started in the hall?† I start to pull away, but he intensifies his embrace and restrains me against him so we're bonded in every way possible. I feel the hardness of his chest and the heat emitting off every single God damn part of him. It makes me want to moan. â€Å"You're fucking driving me crazy. You know that?† He whispers through a groan as his fingers slip underneath the side of my skirt and up my thighs. â€Å"I want you, pretty girl. Badly.† He's not lying. His desire is pressed up against the back of my waist. I should stop him†¦ He's practically got his hand up my dress and we're surrounded by a ton of people, but I give in to him, subsiding in his arms, and let his fingers inch higher up my skirt. Slowly, he kisses my skin, before parting his lips and nipping my neck, sucking, tasting, driving my body mad. His other hand wanders upward on the outside of my shirt and over the curve of my breast. I practically come undone in his arms. Without warning, I turn around, slipping out of his grip. I secure my arms around his neck. His eyes darken as he welds our bodies back together. My head falls back, allowing him access as I put my weight into his lean arms. He holds me tightly, tracking kisses down the hollow of my neck, licking my collar bone, delving lower and lower as his hand sneaks for the bottom of my skirt again and the palm of his hand caresses the back of my thigh. He groans, cupping the back of my head with his other hand, then suddenly he pulls away. â€Å"How drunk are you?† I glance from left to right like there's an answer hidden in the crowd. â€Å"I don't know.† He sighs and drags his fingers through his hair. â€Å"You're killing me, you know that?† â€Å"I'm sorry.† I pout. He laughs and directs me back over to the table. â€Å"Go meet up with Lila and I'll be there in a bit, okay.† â€Å"Why? Where are you going?† I ask. He rubs his hand across his face and lets out a breathy laugh. â€Å"I have to go take care of some business.† We part ways and I go back to the kitchen like he told me. Lila's eyes are accusing as I sit down at the table. I try not to smile, but I'm too intoxicated to care. â€Å"Look at you,† Lila says. â€Å"All smiley.† I start to say something, but spot Micha talking to Naomi in the middle of the crowd. She laughs at something he says and then the two of them head toward the hall where his bedroom is. I guess that was the business he had to take care of. I get up from the table and without another word I run outside into the rain. Micha Ella is killing me tonight. I've got a hard on so bad, it's probably going to take an hour in an ice-cold shower to calm me down and she's drunk, so I can't take it any further. I head back to my room, to take care of the problem myself, when Naomi meets up with me. She waves her finger at me and then laughs. â€Å"You and I need to talk.† â€Å"I still haven't decided!† I shout over the music. She takes me by the arm and tugs me down the hall, bumping people out of the way until we reach my room. She shuts the door and flips on the light. â€Å"Alright, please explain to me why it's so hard to make the decision about something you've always wanted to do?† â€Å"I'd rather not.† She throws her hands in the air, exasperatedly. â€Å"I don't get you. All you used to talk about in high school was playing in a band on the road.† â€Å"I still do,† I say. â€Å"But I'm not sure if I can leave people behind. Her face relaxes and her hands fall to her side. â€Å"I actually get that. I was worried to leave my dad alone, but I talked to him and explained why and you know what? He understood.† â€Å"Mine's more complicated, Naomi.† I sit down on the bed, wishing she'd leave. â€Å"It's not just my mom I'm worried about.† She sits down on the bed beside me and crosses her legs. â€Å"It's because of Ella.† â€Å"Fuck, am I that obvious,† I say. â€Å"Because I always thought I was subtle.† She snorts a laugh. â€Å"You've never been subtle. And it's not just you. It's both of you. But you know what, you can't center you're life around one girl. You gotta move on and live life the way you want to.† She doesn't get it. â€Å"Yeah, let's not talk about this.† â€Å"Alright.† She holds her hands up. â€Å"Sorry, I'll let you be. I just wanted to give you something to think about.† She pats me on the knee before heading out into the hall. Once the door shuts, I fall back onto my bed. Maybe she's right. Maybe it is time to let go of her. â€Å"Fuck.† I need resolution. My eyes wander toward Ella's house. It is dark, except for one light. The bathroom where her mother died. That light hasn't been on for eight months. Why is it on now?

Gatsby and the Complexity of the American Dream - 4080 Words

Gatsby and the Complexity of the American Dream F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby is an exploration of the American dream in modern society, in which money and prosperity are significant factors and it may not be as simple as you think; and the movie Citizen Kane is another example of the complex issues relating to the American dream. First, we will explore the American dream, in which it is to make a great deal of money because it provides for a comfortable living, and characters in the novel reflect upon this very ideal. Second, achieving the American dream of wealth is perceived to bring happiness, but that is not always the case as will examine the dream relating to the characters in the novel. Third, we will explore the†¦show more content†¦If Gatsby did not have the wealth, Daisy would have never given him the time of the day that she has. By having money, it changes your entire life, social status, and the ability to have almost anything you want. Gatsby throws weekly parties at his house with spec tacular decorations, entertainments, and world class cuisines. People don’t even know who Gatsby is, but they attend his parties because of the apparent wealth this man has to show. Everybody wants to be apart of the popular and wealthy crowd. He wanted to be accepted into the high society and these parties are a way to build his status. As shallow as it sounds, the novel seems to talk about people judging a book by its cover. In other words, the American dream to the characters in the novel is how wealthy and how much money one has. The characters in the novel reflect the very ideal of what most people perceives as the American dream, and that is the amount of money that one has. Jay Gatsby is a man who grew up with no money, but gained an enormous amount of wealth. He accomplished what most people dream of having, a life of luxury, but his only draw back is that he thought money can buy happiness. Tom Buchanan grew up with money and is a pretentious rich boy. He i s living the American dream of wealth and fortune. It is his money that attracts women to his side, such as his wife Daisy and his mistress Myrtle. Tom can get almost anything he wants simplyShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1170 Words   |  5 Pages The Great Gatsby â€Å"The Great Gatsby† By F. Scott Fitzgerald is the tale of the glamorous lifestyle of the 1920s. Following World War I, America entered the roaring economic boom called the â€Å"roaring twenties.† The novel follows the life of Jay Gatsby through the eyes of his friend, and narrator, Nick Carraway. The American dream is based on living well, and earning money. Michael Schudson from Oxford University American Literary History describes the American dream as the idea â€Å"anyone, with hardRead MoreHow Does Wealth Or Societal Class Impact Our Personal Relationships?1360 Words   |  6 Pagespersonal relationships? 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The Global Impacts of the Black Death

The Black Death was one of the worst pandemics in human history. In the 14th century, at least 75 million people on three continents perished due to the painful, highly contagious disease. Originating from fleas on rodents in China, the â€Å"Great Pestilence† spread westward and spared few regions. In Europe’s cities, hundreds died daily and their bodies were usually thrown into mass graves. The plague devastated towns, rural communities, families, and religious institutions. Following centuries of a rise in population, the world’s population experienced a catastrophic reduction and would not be replenished for more than one hundred years. Origins and Path of the Black Death Science of the Black Death Types and Symptoms of the Plague Death Toll Estimates of the Black Death Unexpected Economic Benefit of the Black Death Cultural and Social Beliefs and Changes of the Black Death Scourge Spread Across the World The Black Death of the 14th century was a tremendous interrupter of worldwide population growth. The bubonic plague still exists, although it can now be treated with antibiotics. Fleas and their unknowing human carriers traveled across a hemisphere and infected one person after another. Survivors of this swift menace seized the opportunities that arose from altered social and economic structures. Although humanity will never know the exact death toll, researchers will continue to study the epidemiology and history of the plague to ensure that this horror never happens again.

She Left Me Blind And Starving - 1098 Words

She left me blind and starving. It was 2001, and unlike most infants, I was left waiting, hoping to find a family. Not only was I malnourished, I was also starving for answers. I couldn’t see what happiness was, or if love existed. My life has changed so much since I won the lottery. Since I won my family. My mom got me a book when I was about four called Adoption Is for Always. This was the first step in teaching me about my past. We used to read this book together before I went to sleep. I sure did love that book. Back then, I didn’t really understand what adoption meant, I just looked at my mom smiling, and smiled with her. It wasn’t always like that. My parents told me that when I was a baby, I never smiled. When my parents used to smile and wave toys in front of me, I’d give them a blank stare. I later learned how to smile. As I grew up I started having more and more questions. I wanted to know what my life would’ve been like if I’d never left Russia, or if I hadn’t been put up for adoption. I like to imagine Russia as a great place when it really isn’t. I know this because my mom told me stories of when she used to live in Russia. She told me that Russia is a cold and dangerous place and that I would be living in poverty if I had stayed there with my birthparents. She helped me realize that my birth mother doesn’t need me. That there was a reason she’s never seen my face. By not knowing what I looked like, it was easier for her to leave me. She obviously knew thatShow MoreRelatedThe Drought Of Ancient Israel1538 Words   |  7 Pagesprey which is considered unclean in the Torah. As the New Interpreter’s Bible notes, â€Å"The Lord provides miraculously and in ways that people might not expect†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Due to the drought, the stream Elijah relied on for water in the desert soon went dry and left the prophet with nothing to drink. 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Alvin Ailey and Sociology Free Essays

Jerry Tarn Professor Douglas Kierdorf Social Science 102 April 18th, 2013 Alvin Ailey’s â€Å"Revelations† and Sociology As the world begins to modernize, society develops into what sociologist Ferdinand Tonnies calls a â€Å"Gesellschaft† society. In a Gesellschaft society, people concentrate only on themselves and build relationships mostly based on the possible monetary gains. Because people are so focused on money, matters that do not possess any monetary value tend to be discarded as insignificant or unworthy. We will write a custom essay sample on Alvin Ailey and Sociology or any similar topic only for you Order Now Subjects such as the arts are often seen as unnecessary, excess, and impractical. However, what people fail to realize, is that art is in fact an integral part of humanity. Art can provide deep insights into our society, revealing both its positive and negative aspects in the most genuine form. Dance? a physical expression of art? is one of the many methods people uses to portray the various characteristics of society. Alvin Ailey’s signature work: â€Å"Revelations†, produced in 1960, is a prime example that reflected and exposed the social changes that were occurring during that era. The 1960s was marked as a time of great change as it was the era when America began to transform into an increasingly modern society. There were significant improvements in science (and technology exemplified by the start of the space exploration), which greatly changed how people lived and viewed the world. However, the most important changes were probably societal ones, namely the civil rights movement. The civil rights movement was categorized by African Americans expressing their dissatisfactions with the injustices that they had to endure in past century. Although African Americans were liberated from slavery after the Civil War, they still had to deal with the inequality of racial segregation. Under those laws, African Americans had to face disadvantages such as (but not limited to): lack of voting rights, inferior quality of facilities, and unequal treatment under law. In sociological terms, there was little social mobility, institutionalized discrimination, and communities were racially stratified. It was not until the 1960s that the nonviolent protests and public civil disobediences of African Americans began to gain prominence and produce effect. In 1960, one of the many famous acts of civil disobedience, the â€Å"Greensboro Sit-Ins† occurred. The sit-ins consisted of multiple instances of nonviolent protests at the Woolworth Store in Greensboro, North Carolina by local African American students. After repeated protests and growing tensions, the store finally desegregated its services. Coincidently, Ailey’s â€Å"Revelations† was produced in the same year that the protests occurred. Although there wasn’t a direct correlation between the Greensboro protests and the creation of Ailey’s dance, the production of Ailey’s dance was nevertheless a sign of social change. When Ailey’s dance company first performed, they changed the entire dynamic of American Dance Theater as African American way of life was finally represented by African Americans instead of by proxies of Caucasian dancers. The ability of African American dancers to represent their own culture shows the social change of the transfer of authority (of the dance theater industry) from the dominant group to the minority group. Another way that Ailey’s dance company signified social change was its integration of different ethnic groups. Following in the footsteps of his mentor, Lester Horton, Ailey decided to include dancers of different races into his dance company in 1962. Ailey’s practice of what sociologists termed â€Å"ethnic pluralism† was another sign of social change. Besides evidencing social change, â€Å"Revelations† also reflected the various elements of American society. The dance itself was able to show these elements through the contents of the plot, which was divided into three sections: â€Å"Pilgrim of Sorrow†, â€Å"Take Me to the Water†, and â€Å"Move Members, Move†. The first section, â€Å"Pilgrims of Sorrow† is about the sufferings of African Americans during the slavery era. The story depicts African Americans toiling through hard labor as slaves and trying to use song as an outlet for relief. Ailey also incorporates the song â€Å"I’ve been ‘Buked†, by Hall Johnson, to accentuate the agony and frustrations of African Americans. The reason why Ailey brought back stories of extreme hardship is perhaps he wanted to remind Americans how much pain African Americans had to go through. He wanted to emphasize how important it was for people to realize the need for the abolishment of segregation. Ailey also probably felt that because America’s history of racial inequality has existed for such a long time, African Americans have become what William Wilson calls the â€Å"permanent underclass†. Even after the Civil Rights Act passed, like W. E. B du Bois described in â€Å"The Philadelphia Negro†, African Americans still face financial disadvantages due to the situations they were put in before the passing of the bill. With the coexistence of people’s constant â€Å"just-world hypothesis† and stubbornness of their cognitive schema, the disadvantages of African Americans will never receive the deserved attention as people will just assume that their misfortunes were brought upon by themselves. This is probably why Ailey recognized the bitter truth that racism will always exist. Slightly different from â€Å"Pilgrims of Sorrow†, â€Å"Take me to the Water† and â€Å"Move Members, Move† conveys a more positive atmosphere as it portrays scenes of baptism and church service. Take me to the Water† depicts a woman by the riverside, ready to get baptized while â€Å"Move Members, Move† depicts a celebratory church scene. These dances are also reflections of American society as it shows the roles of religion. One role of religion was providing comfort to those undergoing hardship. When African Americans went through slavery, they sought comfort in God and prac ticing Christianity. Another role of religion in American society was providing solidarity. Emile Durkheim believed that religion brought unity amongst people and connection between individuals. This is reflected in American society as Christianity, America’s largest religion, underlies the many values in American culture. Another important aspect of Ailey’s dance that is worth mentioning is Ailey’s own life. When he was working on â€Å"Revelations†, a lot of the content was the result of his upbringings. Ailey grew up in rural Texas in the segregation era. At that time, especially in Texas, African Americans lived under constant danger as they not only faced discrimination, but also violence and risks of random lynching. All of these atrocities combined are probably what allowed Ailey to have such strong feelings towards the suffering of the slaves in the first part of his dance. Another influential moment in Alvin Ailey’s life was his exposure to literature. When he studied at universities in California, he learned of the writings of famous African American writers such as Langston Hughes and James Baldwin. In addition to his meeting with Maya Angelou, he perhaps became influenced and meant his performance to be an act to promote civil rights. Another influence of Ailey’s life was his exposure to religion. When he was young, he attended a Southern Baptist church. The songs and hymns that he heard when he went to church was probably influential to his other two dances â€Å"Take me to the Water† and â€Å"Move Members, Move†. This goes to show that what people experience in their childhood greatly influences their social identity as an adult. From Ailey’s background and dance piece, it could be seen that America during the 1960s was dominated by the Caucasian race, had a strong sense of religion (specifically Christianity), and had an unequal society. It was also beginning to advance into a developed society, which explains the rapid social change. To a certain extent, America today still possesses some discrimination towards certain ethnic groups, and equality isn’t exactly fully established in every aspect of the country. Nevertheless, as society progresses, so will its values. There will come a point in the future when all of the negative aspects that society used to possess will change for the better. However, it is important to be aware of the need of social change. One way that social change can be exercised is through art. Art is a highly human expression, and is one of the many methods that can facilitate social change. Works Cited Alvin Ailey American Dance Theatre: Origins to 1979†,  International Encyclopedia of Dance, vol. 1. Oxford University Press, New York: 1979. 54-57. Dunning, Jennifer (1996). Alvin Ailey: A Life In Dance. New York: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, INC. ISBN  0-201-62607-1. Foulkes, Julia L. Modern bodies: Dance and American modernism from Martha Graham to  Alvin  Ailey (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002), 179-184 Kowal, Rebekah J. How to Do Things with Dance : Performing Change in Postwar America (Middletown, CT; Wesleyan University Press, 2010), 1-6 Mitchell, Jack. Alvin  Ailey  American Dance Theater (Kansas City, Mo. : Andrews and McMeel, 1993), 1-25 â€Å"Greensboro Lunch Counter Sit-Ins†,  Library of Congress. Retrieved April 15, 2013. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. â€Å"Greensboro Lunch Counter Sit-Ins†,  Library of Congress. Retrieved April 15, 2013. [ 2 ]. Kowal, Rebekah J. How to Do Things with Dance : Performing Change in Postwar America (Middletown, CT; Wesleyan University Press, 2010), 1-6 [ 3 ]. Alvin Ailey American Dance Theatre: Origins to 1979†,  International Encyclopedia of Dance, vol. 1. Oxford University Press, New York: 1979. 54-57. [ 4 ]. Mitchell, Jack. Alvin  Ailey  American Dance Theater (Kansas City, Mo. : Andrews and McMeel, 1993), 1-25 [ 5 ]. Ibid. [ 6 ]. Foulkes, Julia L. Modern bodies: Dance and American modernism from Martha Graham to  Alvin  Ailey (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002), 179-184 [ 7 ]. Dunning, Jennifer (1996). Alvin Ailey: A Life In Dance. New York: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, INC. ISBN  0-201-62607-1. How to cite Alvin Ailey and Sociology, Papers

Implement Physical Activity Programmes in Clinical Practice

Question: Discuss about the Implement Physical Activity Programmes in Clinical Practice. Answer: Introduction: Physical therapy or physiotherapy is a noble profession in the healthcare sector. It can be defined as the domain of physical medicine as well as rehabilitation specialty. This kind of treatment mainly uses the mechanical force and movements to remediate impairments so that there is promotion in the patients mobility, function and in quality of life (OMahony Blake, 2017). The physical therapist as a profession thereby mainly involves the expert to provide a quality life to his client mainly by the processes of examination, proper diagnosis, prognosis and in various physical interventions. A physical therapist does not only engage himself to clinical practices but can also include activities of various domains like research, consultation, education and even in administration as well( Lefman Sheppard, 2014). These treatments are usually carried out in association of other medical services. Due to its varying scope of practice, many healthcare enthusiasts have liked this as their prof ession for livelihood. The essay will mainly portray a reflection of my experiences that I have gathered as a physiotherapist in the various domains that I have worked. This will in turn help me to look at the various positive as well as the negative aspects of the profession in have faced. This will help me to strengthen the positive aspects and work hard to minimise the weakness that I have faced while practicing my profession. I will mainly use the ORID model of reflection which will help me to reflect myself in a sequential manner and thereby develop my expertise in the field. The First step of the ORID model usually includes the Objective section that usually helps a person to explore his various learning experiences like the different domains and objects that he has covered in his learning, reading and observing procedures in his preparation phase. Within the scope of practice of the physiotherapists, I have been successful enough to develop a detailed knowledge about the assessment of the neuromuscular system along with that of the musco-skeletal system and cardio-respiratory systems. My course work has helped me to prepare myself in properly diagnosing different kinds of diseases along with that of other disorders that remain intricately associated with that of different physical dysfunction, pain and also injury. It has helped to regain different types of experiences that have taught me the different treatments that I can undertake to help my patient get relief from the pain. My responsibility in my professional years will mainly include various inter vention strategies which will help to develop, maintain, rehabilitate and thereby augment function sin the individual clients which will improve their mobility. These scopes are included in the Bill 179 under the Regulatory Health Professions Act Statue Law Amendment Act, Ontario Government 2010. If followed properly, this will not only ensure proper service to humankind but will also help to prevent any sort of legal obligations, which may hamper my reputation as a professional physiotherapist when I would pursue the job (Badia et al., 2014). I have also been able to develop the essential competencies which had helped me to groom myself in such a way which will help me to provide the best service as a professional with very few chances of making any mistakes. It has taught me that as an expert it would be my duty to at first consult with patients so that I can obtain the correct health information from the patient. Once the assessment data is collected by me, I need to assess the d ata and critically analyse the findings so that I can prepare the best intervention plan for my clients. After properly applying my intervention, my responsibility would include the evaluation of the intervention in order to ensure that the intervention had been fruitful for the patient in gaining relief from the pain that he is experiencing. This would help to assess whether any modification of service is essential or not for proper service delivery (Walkeden Walker, 2015). While performing the mentioned steps, I have to make sure also that I become a successful communicator so that I can pay importance to patient satisfaction. I need to properly develop and maintain a rapport with the patient by building a relationship based on trust and ethical and moral virtues. I need to make sure that the patient share information properly so that I can provide the best service. In order to achieve this it is important for me to establish a verbal and also a non verbal communication medium where the patient would not only be comfortable but would also be able to cooperate in the best way. The more the patient engagement in the therapies, the more the physiotherapist would be sure that his interventions will bring out the best results. I would also have to play the role of an efficient collaborator in the healthcare sector where I will be placed. Since physiotherapy often takes place in association with many other interventions in a healthcare setting, I would also have to establish and maintain proper professional relationships. This would be done by proper prevention; managements and resolution of conflicts if the ari se in the healthcare sector (Johnston Beales, 2016). I was also prepared in the best way by my mentors so that I can also perform the responsibility of a manager if I get placed in the administration section of a physiotherapy department. My main responsibility would be to manage individual practices at the same time of supervising the different involved personnel. I would also ensure that every individuals practice safe a as well as effective physiotherapy to their clients. As responsible physiotherapists, my duty would also be a proper advocate in promoting healthcare among individuals, populations and also communities. My mentors have advised us that I must never stagnant myself in learning procedures. I should constantly reflect my practices so that I can gain insights into my strengths and weakness and accordingly modify myself for ensuring my expertise in the field. I would prefer gathering of knowledge throughout my tenure of practice as I believe that no one can ever become so learned to stop gaining new knowledge. I should pre fer evidence based approach in my practices so that in can ensure that the most modern techniques are adapted by me. Moreover as a professional, I should maintain the standards that my profession demands both in legal and ethical domains at the same time of respecting individuals and by contributing the best for the development of physiotherapy in my profession (Synnot et al., 2015). All the important procedures and the scopes that I have studied in my course years will help me to be a successful physiotherapist. This profession is indeed very important in the present society. This is because the modern era has a number of disorders like cystic fibrosis, arthritis and others, which can only be treated by proper methods of physiotherapy only. By successfully studying the subject of physiotherapy, both the society as well as I would reap benefits as both of our aims mainly lie in the welfare of the nation. The next step of the reflective piece would mainly involve the different types of experiences that I have gone through during my course years. This had helped me to gain confidence, as my professor had been extremely happy with my work. In this regard, I would like to portray two important experiences that had made me feel consistent about my knowledge. Our professor, in order to test our critical thinking skill had provided us with case studies in order to see how we would fare in our future if we take up the profession. He gave us a case like that of a patient named Sally who came to a clinic with complaints of pain in the right forearm. She also complained of problems in performing her duties. By saying so the professor asked us our duty that would be as a physiotherapist. Although she had complained in her forearm, I tried to analyse each details of her so that I can find the main source. After critical analysis, something interesting came to be light. I tried to relate my knowle dge with the patients symptoms and understood that she was suffering from neural tension. My professor was very impressed of my critically analysing capability, which in turn helped me to gain confidence. While I was advised by the professor to provide correct treatment methods for her, I tried to apply my both theoretical as well as practical skills and knowledge. I planned intervention, which included muscle strengthening, muscle stretching, upper back strengthening, and neural gliding as well. Such good words from the professor boosted my confidence and made me more enthusiastic for taking up the profession of physiotherapy. My professor also stated that I had followed each step that I need to follow while attending a patient. This response from my professor helped me to be similarly dedicating to every patient and never take any of their problems for granted. I had applied all scopes of practice in my hypothetical treatment plan. All of these criteria were monitored by my profes sor and appreciated my dedication in my profession. I was excited by such kind of challenges that I faced in the case where I had to develop a critical thinking ability. I want to provide my love for the profession for the benefit of humankind and when this accompanies interesting challenges, there would be no scope for boredom. I always prefer such challenging profession. Moreover this profession is also well respected in the society for the relief that it provides to distressed people in pain. Therefore taking such reputable profession as my career would be a dream fulfilment. The next step of the reflection would mainly cover the various cognitive learning experiences that I have gathered in my university years. This step mainly involves the interpretive learning parts in my reflection. I handled an exceptional case that my professor provided to me and to a classmate of mine. He suggested the case, which contained a patient who comes to the clinic. She came with issue of slight incontinence characterised by leakage of urine and urgency (Leaking when a person thinks she need to visit the toilet). It was found that the patient always had to go to the bathroom and even failed to make it in time. My professor asked us to follow the case and come up with interventions. While both of us were even not considering the case to be attended by physiotherapist, my mentor advised that each symptoms shown by the patients can be modified by physiotherapist. However, that would require perseverance to critically analyse each of the symptoms and relating them with the kno wledge acquired by us in our course years. This advice of the professor helped us to evaluate many factors that the patient was suffering from. We learnt to apply our problem solving skills and memory retention capability to each case that come to us without giving up on the first go. Development of thinking skills and our perception of learned material ultimately helped both of us to crack the best treatment that would have healed the patient. We suggested pelvic floor muscle exercise along with deferring techniques and pad types. We also provided her a lot of education about the fluid and dietary requirements. Therefore, this experience helped me to develop my cognitive learning behaviours and taught me to develop my perseverance skill, critically analysing skill, memory retention skill, relating my practise with my knowledge and many others. It also gave me confidence that no interventions are beyond the capability of my profession. I have to be confident, calm, composed and foll ow my inner capabilities to provide the best treatment to my patients. Therefore, from this experience, I have understood that the profession of physiotherapy is highly practical and if it is practiced in an honest manner with best knowledge in the subject, it is able to treat any form of disorder that the human physiology can get affectedby. Due to these reasons, this profession is much respected in my country of Canada. Canada has therefore came up with huge number of sectors having physiotherapy departments as they have came to understand the importance that the profession hold in the present era in healthcare. They have also introduced huge number of placements in these departments, which will help me to get a proper respectable job of a physiotherapist in my own nation. A good physiotherapist with expected skills will always be in high demand and therefore my taking of this profession would help me earn my livelihood well. The last step would mainly include the decisional segment of my reflective piece. This part will mainly help in incorporating the different things that I have learnt in my university years, which would help me to be a professional physiotherapist with the best reputation that would earn me respect. In order to achieve my goal, I have to practise important personality trails and skill that will help me provide the best care to my patients. I need to be initiative, patient, sensitive and tactful while communicating and analysing a patients condition. I need to develop exceptional communicational skills with a proper ability and mentality to work in a team. I need to possess excellent problem solving skills as well as organisational skills. I have to develop my ability to be empathetic, encouraging and be firm. I need to establish good relationship with my patients and their families. I should develop the capability to work under pressure and manage time efficiently. All these would hel p me make a big difference in the life of human beings who are in severe pain with their movements. This profession will give me a scope to act as a rehabilitation specialist, which will help to foster a patients return to maximal function in her life. The profession has the main aim of increasing the patient ability to move, reduce pain, prevent disability and even restore function. This profession is highly contributing to promote health of an individual and promises to give him best life. As a result, such highly dedicating profession would be an honour for me as I have always loved humankind and wanted to dedicate my life for their betterment. Moreover, Canadian population at the present era has a huge percentage of aging individuals who are in dire need of physiotherapy and therefore by taking this profession, I could not only help them but also enjoy job security as well. My love for anatomy and physiology had always pushed me to accept the profession of physiotherapist. I have thereby tried my best to provide the best interventions to the patients who come for my service. The reflective piece has helped me to gain confidence from the experiences that I have gone through and has helped me to develop my perseverance while analysing a case study. It had also helped to revive my memory of the various scopes that my courses provided me with clear clarification of the competencies that I need to achieve in my profession. This reflection had thereby helped me to identify the personality traits that I need to develop in order to be a proper physiotherapist and I believe that my genuine interest in health and well-being of patients will take me a long way. References: Alexanders, J., Anderson, A., Henderson, S. (2015). Musculoskeletal physiotherapists use of psychological interventions: a systematic review of therapists perceptions and practice.Physiotherapy,101(2), 95-102. Badia, M., Riquelme, I., Orgaz, B., Acevedo, R., Longo, E., Montoya, P. (2014). Pain, motor function and health-related quality of life in children with cerebral palsy as reported by their physiotherapists.BMC pediatrics,14(1), 192. Johnston, V., Beales, D. (2016). Enhancing direct access and authority for work capacity certificates to physiotherapists.Manual therapy,25, 100-103. Lefmann, S. A., Sheppard, L. A. (2014). Perceptions of emergency department staff of the role of physiotherapists in the system: a qualitative investigation.Physiotherapy,100(1), 86-91. Morris, J. H., Oliver, T., Kroll, T., Joice, S., Williams, B. (2015). From physical and functional to continuity with pre-stroke self and participation in valued activities: A qualitative exploration of stroke survivors, carers and physiotherapists perceptions of physical activity after stroke.Disability and rehabilitation,37(1), 64-77. OMahony, N., Blake, C. (2017). Musculoskeletal triage: The experiences of advanced practice physiotherapists in Ireland.Physiotherapy Practice and Research,38(1), 7-16. Stubbs, B., Probst, M., Soundy, A., Parker, A., De Herdt, A., De Hert, M., ... Vancampfort, D. (2014). Physiotherapists can help implement physical activity programmes in clinical practice.The British Journal of Psychiatry,204(2), 164-164. Stubbs, B., Soundy, A., Probst, M., De Hert, M., De Herdt, A., Vancampfort, D. (2014). Understanding the role of physiotherapists in schizophrenia: an international perspective from members of the International Organisation of Physical Therapists in Mental Health (IOPTMH).Journal of Mental Health,23(3), 125-129. Synnott, A., OKeeffe, M., Bunzli, S., Dankaerts, W., O'Sullivan, P., O'Sullivan, K. (2015). Physiotherapists may stigmatise or feel unprepared to treat people with low back pain and psychosocial factors that influence recovery: a systematic review.Journal of physiotherapy,61(2), 68-76. Walkeden, S., Walker, K. M. (2015). Perceptions of physiotherapists about their role in health promotion at an acute hospital: a qualitative study.Physiotherapy,101(2), 226-231.

Australopithecus africanus

Introduction Australopithecus africanus is the name given to early hominid that lived between 2 and 3 million years ago (Aiello Dean, 1990). A. Africanus had a slender physique and is often believed to be an immediate ancestor of the present human being. Its â€Å"cranial features resemble those of human beings though the arms are slightly larger than the legs such as in the chimpanzees† (McKee, 2000: 23).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Australopithecus africanus specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to McHenry many fossil findings indicate that the hominid had more similarities with modern human beings than A. afarensis. Australopithecus africanus â€Å"had a cranial capacity of between 435cc and 530 cc† (1998: 5). The males of this species are believed to have had weight measuring up to 100 pounds. The females are believed to have weighed much less, approximately 50 pounds. The body of Aus tralopithecus africanus is comparable to that of A. afarensis only that it had longer arm and shorter legs (McHenry, 1998). This paper seeks to describe Australopithecus africanus according to: the origins or where the fossils were discovered; identify the range of places they are located on the map; identify the individual who discovered them; the actual published time range that the specimen existed; and finally identify whether there are any controversy/issues/research challenges about them. Origins of Australopithecus africanus and the range of places they are found on the map The â€Å"first fossil of Australopithecus africanus was discovered in 1924 in South Africa by an Australian anatomist at the University of Witwatersrand, named Raymond Dart† (Abitbol, 1995: 6). The fossil was discovered incased in limestone at a quarry in a placed called Tuang, South Africa. After it had been liberated from the limestone, the fossil resembled a young primate and thus was named â₠¬Å"Tuang Baby† (Green Gordon, 2008: 1). The location of fossils of Australopithecus africanus has mainly been in the southern Africa. These places include â€Å"sterkfontein, Makapansgat, gladysvale and Tuang† which are all located in South Africa (Aiello Dean, 1990: 56). Other areas where the fossils are believed to be located include around Lake Turkana in Kenya and Omo in Ethiopia. The fossils discovered in Ethiopia had been categorized in another genus referred to as paraustralopithecus but were described as not being biologically valid and thus re-designated to A. africanus (Ferguson, 1987). Several other fossils have been discovered in other parts of Ethiopia and Tanzania but there have always been contentions on whether to classify them as new species or just call them A. africanus. Time range for the Australopithecus Africanus There are varying time ranges for the fossils of A. africanus discovered in different areas. According to Green Gordon, current data i ndicates that the fossils of A. africanus â€Å"date to between 2.85 and 2.0 million years† (2008: 3). This time range has been established by a combination of different measuring techniques particularly palaeomagnetism, electron spin resonance, faunal dating and uranium lead Pickering (McHenry, 1998).Advertising Looking for report on anthropology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The â€Å"fossils from the Makapansgat have been found to date to between 2.85 and 2.58 million years; those from sterkfontein dates to between 2.58 and 2.00 million years and gladysvale dates to between 2.4 and 2.0 million years† (Abitbol, 1995: 5). The time range for the fossils from Tuang has been more challenging to determine and is currently being investigated at the University of Witwatersrand (McKee, 2000: 76). Individuals who discovered the A. africanus fossils The original Australopithecus africanus fossils found in Tuang, South Africa were discovered in 1924 by Raymond Dart who was one of the pioneers of paleoanthropology (Aiello Dean, 1990). At the time of the discovery there were rejections from other paleoanthropologists who held a strong believed that any human ancestors must be found in Europe. The Makapansgat A. africanus fossils were discovered by James Kitching who was one of the researchers working with Dart (McKee, 2000). According to Ferguson the fossils discovered in Makapansgat valley were originally called A. Prometheus but were later included in a single taxon (Australopithecus Africanus) (1987: 36). The fossils at sterkfontein were originally discovered by Dr Robert Broom in 1935. Controversy/issues/research challenges about Australopithecus Africanus The controversies surrounding A. africanus have been around since the first discovery of its fossils in Tuang, South Africa. The material was first rejected by several anthropologists who likened it to a young gorilla or chimpanzee (McHenry, 1998). In those days it was a perquisite that any human ancestor should have an â€Å"enlarged brain and an apelike jaw† and thus the hominid fossils of A. africanus were rejected. Many researchers asserted that the â€Å"Tuang child† could have grown into a chimpanzee (McKee, 2000: 103). There has been a major debate concerning the limbs of A. africanus. The challenge has mainly focused on how to â€Å"interpret the locomotor implications of the australopith postcranial anatomy† (Green Gordon, 2008: 2). Some scholars have asserted that the more apelike features possessed by the A. africanus should be viewed as adaptations. Others have rejected this allegation claiming that climbing did not form a significant part of the australopith locomoter repertoire (Abitbol, 1995). According to Green Gordon it is further difficult to link the evolutionary history of this hominid to that of the earlier Australopithecus afarensis (2008, p. 3). A. afarensis is seen to poss ess limb size proportions that are comparable to those of modern man and yet it is older and more primitive than A. africanus. The assertion that A. africanus has more apelike proportions has prompted the carrying out of several studies to shed more light on that. In one study it was found that A. africanus had more human like hands though the overall proportion of limbs was more apelike than A. afarensis. However, such studies have been limited been the limited number of samples that can be of any statistical significance (Abitbol, 1995).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Australopithecus africanus specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are other perennial controversies surrounding the africanus material that is viewed differently by different groups. According to McKee some individuals often look at this hominid as being a â€Å"regional variation or subspecies of the A. afarensis, some look at as being a comp letely different species† (2000: 7). The variations in the africanus fossils has led to the un ending debate on whether this represented more than one species, a sexually dimorphic species, or a very variable species particularly when the intra-era speculation is considered (Aiello Dean, 1990). Conclusion This paper sought to describe Australopithecus africanus according to: the origins or where the fossils were discovered; identify the range of places they are located on the map; identify the individual who discovered them; the actual published time range that the specimen existed; and finally identify whether there are any controversy/issues/research challenges about them. It has been established that A. Africanus is was the immediate ancestor of modern man and existed between 2 to 3 million years ago. The fossils were mainly discovered in South Africa by a research team headed by Dr Raymond Dart (Ferguson, 1987). It has also been established that there is a lot of controve rsy mainly surrounding the proportion of its limbs. Works Cited Abitbol, Malhotra. â€Å"Reconstruction of the STS 14 (Australopithcus africanus) pelvis.†Ã‚  American Journal of Physical Anthropology (1995): 143-58. Print. Aiello, Imre and Collins Dean. An Introduction to Human evolution Anatomy. London: Academic Press, 1990. Ferguson, Walter. â€Å"Revision of the Subspecies of Australopithecus Africanus.† Primates  (1987): (2): 258-265. Print.Advertising Looking for report on anthropology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Green, David and Adam Gordon. â€Å"Metacarpal propotions in the Australopithecus africanus .† Journal of Human evolution (2008): 705-719. Web. McHenry, Hillary. â€Å"Body proportions in Australopithecus afarensis and A. africanus and the origin of the genus Homo.† Journal of Human Evolution (1998): (35) 1-22. Print. McKee, James. The Riddled Chain – Chance, Coincidence, and Chaos in Human  Evolution. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press., 2000. Print. This report on Australopithecus africanus was written and submitted by user Nova Maxwell to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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